Definition and Examples of Prepositions – In learning Indonesian, one must have a good understanding of grammar. In this article, we will discuss in detail the meaning and examples of prepositions or prepositions. Not only that, some materials will also be presented regarding the rules of use, functions, and the types of prepositions.
We know for ourselves that words in Indonesian can be interpreted as a form of means used to convey expressions, one of which is information. Words can also be understood as a means to express one’s thoughts, both in writing and orally.
Apart from prepositions, there are several types of words that we may have often heard, such as verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and so on. Broadly speaking, material about words is material that needs to be studied and mastered. As a result, when you want to convey information or thoughts, it can be conveyed properly and correctly. Read more in the following explanation.
A. Definition of Prepositions
As the name implies, prepositions are basically a type of word that is used at the front of a word. Some words can be added with prepositions, for example nouns, verbs, adverbs, and several other types of words.
Literally, a noun is a term that was born from the Latin word “prae” which can be interpreted as “before”. In addition, the preposition is also related to the term “ponere” which means “to place”. The meaning of the preposition can be understood as a word that can be placed in the front position or before a noun, adjective, adverb, and so on.
According to Kridalaksana, a preposition has a definition as a word that can be used to arrange a series of nouns and verbs into one clause. So, from some of the meanings of these prepositions, it can be concluded that prepositions can be used to compose a series of nouns with verbs.
In general. prepositions will be arranged at the front of the various types of words according to the applicable language rules. Proper use will ultimately make a structure of each sentence more perfect. The right addition will also make a clause or sentence have a more complete structure and be easier for readers to understand.
B. Rules for Writing Prepositions
As explained in the definition of prepositions section, a preposition can make the sentence structure better if it is adjusted to the applicable linguistic rules. Writing prepositions or prepositions cannot be used carelessly, prepositions need to be adjusted to the rules in order to minimize errors so that sentences can be more easily understood by readers.
Well, there are three rules for writing prepositions that you need to know. The following is an explanation regarding the three rules for writing prepositions or prepositions that must be obeyed, including:
1. Writing Rules When Declaring Place
The first rule of writing prepositions is related to the use of place names. A preposition is known to have a function that can be used to indicate a place or location. Some of the prepositions that are commonly used to express places are, in, to, from, and so on.
The thing to note is that if prepositions are used as placeholders, prepositions that are added before other types of words can be written separately using spaces.
Examples of writing prepositions to indicate place, namely:
a. Ika was born in Bandung.
b. Ani has gone to school.
c. Fahri returns from Aceh and leaves tomorrow night.
2. Writing Rules If It Becomes an Affix
The next writing rule for prepositions or prepositions is when they have a function as an affix. A preposition used as an affix can be connected with the next word. Some of these prepositions are di-, to-, and from-.
An example of writing a preposition if it becomes an affix is:
a. Brother has new clothes bought from the market.
b. Better late than not doing anything at all.
c. Fahri has tried to untie the rope for the umpteenth time, but has not been successful.
3. Writing Rules If It’s in the Title
The next writing rule is the preposition used in the title of an article. After adjusting to the two previous rules, prepositions that function as affixes or connectors for each word in the title section are written using lowercase letters.
Each word in writing the title is known by itself, usually starting with an uppercase or capital letter. However, this does not apply to the prepositions in the title. So, prepositions in the title must begin with a lowercase letter and be adjusted to the two previous rules. while other words in the first letter always use capital letters.
Examples of writing prepositions if they are in the title include the following:
1. Like Fire from Mount Merapi
2. Rain Makes Rainbows in Raja Ampat
3. Soekarno’s family tree from generation to generation
C. Types of Prepositions
After knowing the meaning and rules of writing from prepositions or prepositions. In this section, we will discuss about the types of prepositions. There are two types of prepositions with each having two subtypes. The following are several types of prepositions to pay attention to, including:
1. Single Preposition
The first type of preposition is the singular preposition. One type of preposition can be interpreted as a word that has the form of only one word or a single word. The singular preposition itself can be divided into two more types, including the following:
a. Basic word
Root words can be understood as part of a single type of preposition that does not have affixes, prefixes, or inserts. This is because this type of singular preposition has a form that is still pure from the base word.
Some single prepositions that are still pure or basic, namely for, make, of, with, in, will, between, until, until, for, since, by, on, like, without, and so on. The writing rules for these root words also conform to the preposition writing rules that apply as above.
Examples of basic words in single prepositions in sentence forms include:
– Ana reads a book in the bedroom.
– The paper is put together using glue.
– So, for writing it is adjusted to the form or type of word that comes after it.
b. Said affixes
In contrast to basic words, affixes are the second type of singular prepositions. Prepositions that contain affixes can be interpreted as one of the types of prepositions that are commonly used for additions or affixes. The form of a word will basically develop according to the affixes used. In addition, the word that is given affixes will also affect the function of the preposition.
The form of the affix preposition itself has prefixes, endings, and a combination of several other types of words, such as verbs, adjectives, to nouns. Some affixes that can be used as affixes are as long as, as long as, around, throughout, and so on. So, affixes have prepositions that are not original.
Examples of affixes in singular prepositions include the following:
As long as the soul is still contained in the body, then we must keep fighting spirit.
– All the contents of the cupboard have been tidied up by sister last night.
– Throughout his life, Pak Angga has given a lot to others.
– Around the forest is indeed a green, cool, and also shady area.
2. Compound Prepositions
The second type of prepositions are compound prepositions. If singular prepositions consist of only one word, then compound prepositions consist of two single prepositions in one sentence or clause. The two types of singular prepositions have the purpose of providing a more detailed or complete explanation.
Compound prepositions can be divided into two more types, namely adjoining prepositions and correlated prepositions. The following is an explanation of the two types of prepositions, including:
a. Adjacent Prepositions
Adjacent prepositions are compound prepositions that are used to make one sentence with two prepositions by means of sequential or side by side arrangement. Even though it has two prepositions in sequence, these prepositions actually make it easier for the reader to understand a particular sentence.
Several types of prepositions are included in adjoining categories, namely because, because of that, apart from, up to, up to, and so on.
Examples of prepositions side by side in a sentence include:
– Therefore everyone should obey the regulations from the government.
– To this day, the family has not received any definite news.
– That’s why we have to support each other in order to be successful.
b. Correlated Prepositions
Next, one type of compound prepositions is correlated prepositions. These prepositions can be understood as prepositions which consist of two types or two words in paired forms and exist separately from other phrases. So, correlated prepositions are one sentence that contains two prepositions that are located far apart.
Several types of prepositions that can be used in correlated prepositions include:
– from… to
– since… until
– between… and
– and so forth.
The following are some examples of writing rules regarding correlated prepositions, including:
– from morning to evening, Mr. Ali is still struggling with the broken watch.
– from childhood to adulthood Firman was always diligent in helping his parents.
– between Jakarta and Penang formed a longing bond.
D. Preposition Function
After understanding several types of prepositions or prepositions, we know that the function of each preposition is different. Each of these functions can be adapted to the type of word and sentence structure as a whole. There are nine functions of the preposition itself, namely:
1. State the Place
Prepositions or prepositions basically have a function to help construct sentences that indicate a place or location. This will make the sentences easier and clearer to understand. Some prepositions that can be used to indicate a place, namely in, on, within, over, and also between.
Example:
– He was on a bus that was heading towards Jakarta.
– Anita has liked Alex since she was in junior high school.
– We thank you for the opportunity given.
2. Declare the Direction of Origin
Next, the preposition has a function as a medium to express the direction of origin. It can be used to connect a word with a movement so as to explain its origin.
Example:
– The butterfly flies from north to west.
– Mother takes rice from magic com and adds some side dishes.
– Ani arrived from Bandung since this morning.
3. Declare the Direction of Purpose
Then, the preposition can function as a means to express the direction of the goal. Some prepositions that can be used to express a direction, namely, to, to, will, and towards.
Example:
– Dad filled the water into the tub.
– Mother supports older siblings who are going to migrate for work.
4. Declare the Actor
Furthermore, the preposition has a function to express an actor. The preposition that is often used is, by.
Example:
– It turns out that Anitas’s book was taken by his mother.
– The bag that Ika was looking for turned out to be kept by her sister.
– The task was done well by Budi.
5. Declare Tools
Prepositions can basically be used to express tools, such as objects or other tools. Prepositions that are often used to express tools are with and blessing.
Example:
– The floor is clean because it is mopped with the best floor cleaning liquid.
– The work was quickly completed thanks to the assistance provided by Mr. Alex.
6. Stating Comparisons
Prepositions can usually also be used to express a comparison, such as a comparison between two or more things. Prepositions that can be used are, rather than.
Example:
– You’d better go to bed early, than tomorrow will be late and late.
– She is prettier than her sister.
– The glass is better than the glass that was bought yesterday.
7. State things or problems
Prepositions have the function of expressing things or problems by using the word about or regarding.
Example:
– Regarding the delay in sending our order, we apologize.
– It is better to forget about this matter.
8. Declare Consequences
The preposition has a function as a medium to express the result. Talking about a result, the right words to use are until and until.
Example:
– Heavy problems experienced by women to make it stressful.
– The dye is added until the dough changes color.
9. State a Purpose
Finally, the preposition has a function to express a purpose. This can be done when adding to a sentence that contains a specific purpose. Words that are often used are, for, for, for, for, for, and also for.
Example:
– The dough is continuously stirred, in order to make it smooth quickly.
– The decision was taken to improve the common welfare.
– for the sake of the happiness of her child, the mother is sincere that her child wanders far away.
E. Examples of Prepositions
In order to better understand the explanation of the prepositional prepositions described above. Then here are more examples of using prepositions in sentences:
1. Preposition “In”
a. Mom put my sports clothes in the small cupboard. (denotes where an object is).
b. The landslide disaster in the Medan area has resulted in victims of up to 10 people. (declare situation or event).
c. Within 15 years, the school has reached this point. (stating the timeframe).
2. The Preposition “Top”
a. Sister’s shoes are on top of the wardrobe. (declare somewhere).
b. I am proud of my brother’s graduation. (declare the intransitive predicate and its complement).
c. Thank you for the permission given. (express the expression of the heart or feelings).
3. Preposition “Between”
a. School and home are only 10 to 20 minutes away. (denotes a distance).
b. The dispute between Palestine and Israel has been going on for a long time. (stating two actors).
c. Adit passed Jalan Melati between 3 or 4 pm. (declare time).
4. Preposition “Will”
a. He was always reminded of the tragedy. (declare an object).
b. I will never be able to repay the services of Mr. and Mrs. teacher. (declare reinforcement of a word that is in front of it).
5. Preposition “Against”
a. I never give up no matter what happens. (states the goal of an action).
b. For your good intentions, we thank you. (declare a matter or thing).