Definition, characteristics, and examples of mental verbs – Indonesian has a variety of rules for writing, word classification, grammar, and so on. These various rules are useful for regulating writing procedures in various genres of writing. Scientific writing will be different in the way it is written than popular writing.
Not only that, in compiling sentences, you must pay attention to the position and function of the words chosen. Therefore, you must understand which words are included in nouns, which words are included in verbs, and so on.
In the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), verbs are defined as verbs. It becomes a word that denotes a process, deed, or condition. In a sentence there is usually a collection of verbs, adjective phrases, nouns, and verbs. In general, verbs are added with affixes at the beginning of the sentence, at the end of the sentence, and in the middle of the sentence.
If you are confused with words in Indonesian. You can look up the meaning of the card in the Big Indonesian Dictionary. The dictionary can be obtained by clicking on the book cover or the “buy now” column below.
Verbs are also classified into several categories. Among them are mental verbs, benefactive verbs, reflective verbs, and so on. In this paper will discuss about mental verbs. You can listen to the explanation below, to find out more about mental verbs.
Definition and Characteristics of Mental Verbs
Mental verbs are types of verbs that express a person’s reaction to an action, experience, or existence. It describes an action or activity performed by the subject of the sentence. In simple terms, mental verbs can be defined as verbs that express actions, attitudes, and existence.
Usually in a sentence where one of the constituents uses a mental verb, the subject does something. The mental verb functions as a predicate or predicate in a sentence even though its position in the sentence can change.
Mental verbs can also be a way to show the author’s attitude. It is also included in transitive active verbal sentences and intransitive active verbal sentences.
The characteristics of mental verbs are as follows which are summarized from the katadata.co.id page.
- Mental verbs describe the subject’s behavior towards an event. Therefore, the sentence must be accompanied by a subject and an event as a response to the subject’s behavior.
- In general, mental verbs use the form of the phrase which is indicating.
- Usually mental verbs use colloquial words. It is to describe a feeling as a response to something.
- Mental verbs describe affect (worry), cognition (think), and perception (see).
- Verbs usually describe perceptions. For example seeing, analyzing, sad, worried, touching, and understanding.
- Usually related to the role of someone who is the trigger for a particular phenomenon.
Examples of Mental Verbs
Mental verbs usually indicate the activities carried out by the subject. The following are examples of mental verbs in Indonesian.
- Hopeless
- Enjoy
- Believe
- Reject
- Spirit
- Walk
- scolded
- Think about
- Feel
- Worry
- Sad
- Disappointed
- Sincere
- Happy
- Like
- Know
- See
- Enjoy
- Expect
- Laugh
- look
- Type
- Hit
- Admire
- Regret
- Give thanks
- Confess
- Confused
- Kidnap
- tore off
After getting to know some mental verbs, you also need to get to know the use of mental verbs in sentences. The following are examples of mental verbs in sentences summarized from various sources on the internet.
- I’m thinking how can I buy a new laptop.
- Anton was angry because the schedule he had arranged didn’t go according to plan.
- You are enjoying your school holidays with your cousins.
- Adin received a gift from his best friend.
- Dila is confused because her tasks have not been completed.
- He laughed after reading the anecdotes in the book.
- We must always be grateful because God has given happiness.
- Brother kidnaps Anton to take part in a drawing exhibition.
- Rina tears Sasa’s short story anthology book.
- Mother always expects the child’s success with the path she chooses.
- Budi is sad when his cat is missing.
- Tini sincerely lost her money in the market.
- Mail receives money from the sale of his fried chicken.
- Rina’s sister cried after her food fell.
- Father loves birthday gifts from his children.
- Tono is excited to go to school on his first day.
- Heri scolded his younger brother for stealing his money.
- Nasrul thought about his embarrassing incident last week.
- Surti was happy when she won the car lottery.
- Bahrun agreed that his house would be the meeting place.
- Nina believes her boyfriend has always loved her.
- Ali recognized Dono when he was in the crowd at a concert.
Classification of Verbs
Verbs can be classified by subject and object. Here’s an explanation of both.
1. By Subject
Subject-based verbs are grouped into two categories, namely active verbs and passive verbs. Active verbs are types of verbs in which the subject does a job or becomes the main character in the sentence. The characteristics of active verbs are as follows.
- Always Begins with the Suffix Me- or Predicate
Active verbs always start with the affix me- or the predicate. This addition is the difference between active sentences and other types of sentences. This also further strengthens the verb in the predicate.
- The Subject Always Takes Direct Action
Active verbs are usually used for sentences where the subject performs an action directly. This makes it easier for the reader to understand what the author is saying. This is because the delivery of messages carried out by the author can be more perfect without any different perceptions.
To understand more deeply about active verbs, you can listen to examples of active verbs in the following sentences.
- Farhan ate bread at home with gusto.
- Mother buys vegetables at the market near the house.
- Great for playing computer games late into the night.
- Dito brews coffee in the morning.
- Joan plays the piano in her room.
- I journaled in a little padlocked notebook.
- Dita drives a car at high speed on the highway.
- Fadli reads Joko Pinurbo’s anthology of short stories.
- Rara practices her monologue on the stage.
- Mom checks my study results for one semester.
The passive verb is a type of verb whose subject is subject to a job. Its function is to express the subject subject to action or deed. Passive verbs are recognized by verbs that start with di-, ke-, and ke-an affixes
In active verbs, di-, ke-, and ke-an affixes are usually added to the base word. This aims to distinguish between passive verbs and active verbs. Not only that, these affixes and cofixes also characterize or indicate if the subject is subject to work.
Friends, you can get to know more about passive verbs in sentences by listening to various examples that have been summarized from sources on the internet.
- The criminal was caught
- Brother’s bike is being repaired in the repair shop.
- My brother invited my father to go to the market.
- My sister told my mother to take a broom.
- The room key is kept in a shoe rack.
- City highways were hit by flooding and landslides.
- This beautiful figure was bought by my sister in Singapore.
- Officers closed the road due to repairs.
- The new house is being tiled by builders.
- The fruit he was under fell over because of the slippery floor.
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2. Based on Objects
Object-based verbs are grouped into two categories, namely transitive verbs and intransitive verbs. A transitive verb is a verb that is followed by an object. This type of verb will not be an objective sentence without the presence of an object.
A transitive verb cannot be in the predicate position if it is not accompanied by a noun as the object after it. Transitive verbs can be changed into the passive form. To understand more about the use of transitive words in sentences. Buddy can listen to some examples that have been summarized from various sources on the internet.
- The police have arrested the gang of criminals.
- I took
- You make greeting cards.
- My father cooked lodeh vegetables
- Sister sweeps the floor
- Mom fixes the fan.
- Mom bought a new toy for my sister.
- Dad is taking my sister to school.
- Aisyah is reading Chairil Anwar’s poem in front of the audience.
- The teacher chose Fahmi as the new class leader.
Meanwhile, intransitive verbs are verbs that do not need a complement in the sentence. The sentence becomes effective without complements in the form of adverbs and objects. Intransitive verbs can be recognized by several characteristics.
Among them the object is not subject to action; cannot be used as a passive sentence; the predicate is an intransitive verb; generally in a sentence has the basic pattern of SP, SP-Pel, or SPK; and the predicate has the suffix ber-, ter-, ter-kan, and ber-kan.
To understand more about intransitive verbs, you can listen to some examples which are summarized from various sources on the internet as follows.
- The ministers dialogue through a remote application.
- A car stopped in front of Pakde’s house.
- I slept at my grandfather’s house last night.
- The cat eats slowly.
- His father died last night.
- Fadan gets up early every day.
- The children were playing kites in the field.
- The girl is dancing
- The foreign tourists were sunbathing around the beach.
- We visited Pak Bani’s house.