![\"History](\"https:\/\/matob.web.id\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2021\/11\/History-of-the-Development-of-Computers-and-Operating-Systems-there-was-no-operating-system.webp\" "\\"\\"")
<\/a><\/p>\nMainframe computers at that time did not use an operating system at all, so when they wanted to use the computer, the user\/operator had to enter an application that was stored in magnetic storage media or perforated paper to be loaded when the computer boots.<\/p>\n
The computer only runs one application and will work according to the program it entered until the application hangs or finishes its work and if you want to use another application, the user or operator must restart the computer and insert magnetic tape or other perforated paper to load the applications on the storage media. when the computer boots.<\/p>\n
Operating System Found<\/b><\/h2>\n
The assembler and compiler programming languages \u200b\u200bare made for programmers whose function is to translate programming languages<\/a> \u200b\u200binto machine language which was previously done manually, so that applications created by programmers can be run on computers.<\/p>\n When the module of computer equipment becomes more complex, gradually various functions are entered into applications that are tasked with handling input and output hardware resources, but the computer is still running single tasking, this small step is the beginning of the modern concept of computers that we use today.<\/p>\n When the development of computer hardware is increasingly advanced and fast, hardware vendors are required to include a runtime library that regulates and monitors the use of computer resources when used by applications, not only monitoring the CPU but also for other devices such as printers, storage card readers and signaling. This is made to minimize resource abuse and errors when the application is run.<\/p>\n This collection of libraries that manage various kinds of computer resources for use by applications is what is the forerunner or core of the operating system, better known as the Kernel.<\/p>\n Kernel is the core of the operating system itself where the Kernel functions as a communication bridge between applications and hardware, not only that the kernel also regulates the use of hardware resources by applications because if the hardware is directly accessed by the application without being regulated by the Kernel, it can cause a system crash when the hardware is accessed. by other applications.<\/p>\n The kernel also provides security features such as user privilege settings on Linux<\/a> which makes Linux survive virus attacks even without antivirus<\/p>\n actually the operating system does not do any work before an application is running and when the application runs, the operating system starts allocating computer resources for use by the application.<\/p>\n Simply put, the operating system will stand still and wait until an application is running and then allocate computer resources for that application.<\/p>\n What happens in general is when people mention the operating system, then in their minds it is a combination of the kernel itself which is the real operating system, desktop environment and various tools that are guided by the operating system vendor.<\/p>\n The operating system is developed and adapted to the development of computer hardware, along with the development of types of computers and operating systems from time to time<\/p>\n Mainframe or large computers are the first generation of computers that were created and used by agencies for research purposes or to complete work, computers at that time still used motors, vacuum tubes, magnetic tape, perforated paper to store data. So do not be surprised if the size of the computer At that time it was very large because there had not been found a transistor\/semiconductor as a substitute for a vacuum tube.<\/p>\n When an operating system is found, every time there is a new hardware version, the operating system is also new even though it is purchased from the same vendor, so the commands, procedures and ways of working are also different and require manual settings to change\/update the operating system on the old computer.<\/p>\n IBM<\/a> started a new breakthrough in computer hardware and operating systems in the 1960s by creating a new generation of hardware and operating system “System\/360” which allowed it to be compatible with previous versions of hardware.<\/p>\n This innovation from IBM has become the basic concept of hardware and OS development to date.\u00a0System\/360 also provides a version for use on mini computers<\/p>\n Mini computer is a computer with faster capabilities than its predecessor \/ mainframe computer and has a smaller physical form. This type of computer is used and functioned as a server for business agencies or as a research tool.<\/p>\n The Unix operating system was created and developed by AT & T Bell Laboratories in the 1960s and is used as the lifeblood of most of the mini computers in the world.<\/p>\n The Unix operating system is written using the C language, the specialty of the C language is that it is able to “port” where the program generated from the compilation can be run on other computers that have an environment (cpu, OS, library, etc.) that is different from the environment when the application was created.<\/p>\n If the C language can be ported, then Unix can also be ported to computers with different architectures. This convenience is the choice of developing second generation mini computers and the first generation of worstation.<\/p>\n The flexibility of the C language is what inspired the development of the operating system so that it can run on all hardware platforms with different specifications, this concept is the forerunner to the birth of free and open source software including GNU, Linux and Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). Apple’s macOS<\/a> as well built on Unix via NeXTSTEP and FreeBSD<\/p>\n A micro computer is a computer that uses a central processing unit (CPU)<\/a> that functions as a micro processor, designed for personal use and has a much smaller size than a mini computer, a micro computer was developed between the 1970s and 1980s.<\/p>\n The computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets that we use are classified as micro computers.<\/p>\n In the early 1970s, small computers began to be marketed freely in the market with the target of being used by individuals (personal computers), at that time computers were equipped with micro processors and a built in BASIC interpreter which was inserted into ROM, this BASIC also functioned as a command line interface. interface that allows the user to enter the operating system from another disk such as a floppy disk to be installed on the computer.<\/p>\n At that time diskettes were still very expensive and only a small number of people could afford them, so the standard storage media used were magnetic tape or cassette.<\/p>\n Basic is a programming language created for people with an interest in computers to create their own applications.<\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Gradually hard disks are used as storage media to replace cassettes and floppy disks are getting cheaper and are used for portable external storage media and as a means of moving files from one computer to another, and you are now using SSDs that are small in size but can accommodate gigabytes of data. .<\/p>\n Many of you may be wondering, what exactly is an operating system? And what role does my electronic device play? The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every computer in general must have an operating system to run other programs.<\/p>\n The first actual digital computer was designed by the English mathematician Charles Babbage (1792\u20131871). Although Babbage spent much of his life and fortune trying to build his ‘analytical engine’, he never managed to work properly because it was purely mechanical, and the technology of his day could not produce the wheels, gears, and wheels necessary for the high precision required. he needs. Needless to say, the analytics engine does not have an operating system.<\/p>\n As an interesting history aside, Babbage realized he would need software for his analytical engine, so he hired a young woman named Ada Lovelace, who was the daughter of the famous English poet Lord Byron, as the world’s first programmer.\u00a0<\/span>Ada’s programming language\u00a0is named after him.<\/p>\n The operating system performs basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to a screen, keeping track of files and directories on\u00a0disk\u00a0, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and\u00a0printers\u00a0.\u00a0An operating system can relate to the knowledge given to the computer brain in order to understand what functions are required to perform a job.<\/p>\n Operating systems can be found on a countless number of items including cell phones, ATM machines, and even many cars today use them.\u00a0Still most people are familiar with the OS offerings from\u00a0Microsoft\u00a0(Windows),\u00a0Apple (OS X\u00a0), and to a lesser extent, Linux\/GNU (Ubuntu, Fedora, etc).<\/p>\nWhat is the kernel and operating system?<\/b><\/h3>\n
\nComputer and operating system development<\/b><\/h2>\n
Mainframe Computer<\/b><\/h3>\n
<\/a><\/p>\nMini computers (mid range computers)<\/b><\/h3>\n
<\/a>Micro computer<\/b><\/h3>\n
\nHISTORY OF OPERATING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT<\/h2>\n